Human Ecology Research Articles

Supplementation with soluble or insoluble rice-bran fibers increases short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria in the gut microbiota in vitro

IntroductionStudies have shown that a diet high in fiber and prebiotics has a positive impact on human health due largely to the fermentation of these compounds by the gut microbiota. One underutilized source of fiber may be rice bran, a waste product of rice processing that is used most frequently as an additive to livestock feed but may be a good source of fibers and other phenolic compounds as a human diet supplement. Previous studies focused on specific compounds extracted from rice bran showed that soluble fibers extracted from rice bran can improve glucose response and reduce weight gain in mouse models. However, less is known about changes in the human gut microbiota in response to regular rice bran consumption.MethodsIn this study, we used a Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecology (SHIME®) to cultivate the human gut microbiota of 3 different donors in conditions containing either soluble or insoluble fiber fractions from rice bran. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and targeted metabolomics via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, we explored how gut microbial communities developed provided different supplemental fiber sources.ResultsWe found that insoluble and soluble fiber fractions increased short-chain fatty acid production, indicating that both fractions were fermented. However, there were differences in response between donors, for example the gut microbiota from donor 1 increased acetic acid production with both fiber types compared with control; whereas for donors 2 and 3, butanoic acid production increased with ISF and SF supplementation. Both soluble and insoluble rice bran fractions increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lachnospiraceae taxa.DiscussionOverall, analysis of the effect of soluble and insoluble rice bran fractions on the human in vitro gut microbiota and the metabolites produced revealed individually variant responses to these prebiotics.

Kearifan Lokal Dan Pendekatan Dalam Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Untuk Ekonomi Desa Sesaot

Local wisdom is a cultural heritage that has been acquired and passed down from generation to generation in a community or society. Local wisdom includes knowledge, values, technology, practices and skills possessed by the community in utilizing the natural resources around them. Wise and sustainable use of natural resources is important in the context of village economic development, especially in Indonesia which has abundant natural wealth. Research Method Observer as an instrument (human instrument) This means that the researcher himself has the function of determining the focus of the research, selecting informants as data sources, carrying out data collection, analyzing data, and making conclusions about his findings. The research results show that local wisdom in the use of natural resources for village economic development, especially in Sesaot Village, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Local wisdom is a cultural heritage that includes knowledge, values, technology, practices and skills passed down from generation to generation in a community. Wise and sustainable use of natural resources is important in the context of village economic development in Indonesia which has abundant natural wealth. The local wisdom approach in the use of natural resources includes the knowledge, practices and expertise possessed by local communities. In Sesaot Village, the community has long developed local wisdom in utilizing the natural resources around them, including in managing forests using a customary system that has existed since their ancestors. By optimizing local wisdom, communities are able to utilize natural resources sustainably while preserving nature through environmentally friendly practices. Utilization of natural resources for village economic development provides many benefits, including increasing income, creating jobs, developing industry, strengthening the local economy, and improving the quality of life of village communities. Political ecology approaches, human welfare ecology, and anthropological perspectives are used to understand and apply local wisdom in environmental management and village economic development

Advancing arboriculture through human and tree ecology

This paper explores the significance of ecosystem functions in maintaining the health and balance of ecological systems, particularly in the context of planning, managing, and maintaining trees in landscape settings. It emphasises the multifaceted relationship between humans and trees, encompassing cultural, ecological, economic, and emotional connections, and underscores the value of traditional ecological knowledge alongside empirical science. By combining these two ways of knowing, along with social science insights into human health and well-being, future landscapes can be crafted to be sustainable, diverse, and functional. As urbanisation continues to shape landscapes globally, urban planners face the challenge of managing rapidly changing environments. Urban forestry and arboriculture have emerged to address these challenges, aiming to enhance environmental quality and human well-being. The concept of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) has gained traction, recognising the importance of integrating natural systems into urban planning to address environmental challenges while preserving functional ecosystems. This paper advocates for an enhanced understanding of tree and human ecology to navigate the complex relations between trees, people, and their environments. It calls for interdisciplinary collaboration, research, and education to inform policy, assess environmental impacts, and widen approaches to ecosystem management. By monitoring ecosystem health and collaborating across disciplines, arboriculturists and urban foresters can shape resilient practices for tree conservation and sustainable urban development. In conclusion, integrating tree ecology into urban planning and management practices is essential for ensuring the health, resilience, and sustainability of tree populations and the ecosystems they inhabit. By embracing a holistic understanding of trees and their environments, professionals can contribute to shaping future landscapes that support both human well-being and biodiversity.

A practical guide to cross-cultural and multi-sited data collection in the biological and behavioural sciences.

Researchers in the biological and behavioural sciences are increasingly conducting collaborative, multi-sited projects to address how phenomena vary across ecologies. These types of projects, however, pose additional workflow challenges beyond those typically encountered in single-sited projects. Through specific attention to cross-cultural research projects, we highlight four key aspects of multi-sited projects that must be considered during the design phase to ensure success: (1) project and team management; (2) protocol and instrument development; (3) data management and documentation; and (4) equitable and collaborative practices. Our recommendations are supported by examples from our experiences collaborating on the Evolutionary Demography of Religion project, a mixed-methods project collecting data across five countries in collaboration with research partners in each host country. To existing discourse, we contribute new recommendations around team and project management, introduce practical recommendations for exploring the validity of instruments through qualitative techniques during piloting, highlight the importance of good documentation at all steps of the project, and demonstrate how data management workflows can be strengthened through open science practices. While this project was rooted in cross-cultural human behavioural ecology and evolutionary anthropology, lessons learned from this project are applicable to multi-sited research across the biological and behavioural sciences.

Should We Value Rain Harvesting More in Turkey for Mitigating Precipitation Extremes

Mitigating precipitation extremes is a major issue due to destructive global warming and climate change. Heavy rainfall and drought have posed a threat to human life and ecology. That said, new strategies and new action plans are needed at local and global levels through needed cooperation from different stakeholders to handle the possible risks associated with precipitation extremes. Türkiye has become one of the most vulnerable countries involved in climate change due to its geographical location, rapid urbanization, and deforestation. Many forests have been destroyed to make room for agriculture and animal grazing as well as for manufacturing and construction. The impact has caused complications in landscapes. Precipitation extremes, such as heavy rainfalls and drought, are posing a big threat for many cities in Türkiye. In this line, the present study aims to explore potential benefits of rain harvesting in mitigating precipitation extremes by overviewing regulatory and legislative actions of rainwater harvesting worldwide and an interview based survey. The results of the study showed that Türkiye has several problems with infrastructure to mitigate precipitation extremes, such as shortcomings in capacity and old water management systems, unseparated water collection and sewage systems and lack of green infrastructure. In addition to urbanization, expansion in industry and tourism may cause water availability. RWH promises several benefits thanks to its cost effectiveness and contribution to water storage. The study also showed many authorities around globe try to boost RWH use by either stipulating RWH or encouraging through incentives and save a large amount of water with different projects.

Heavy metals and radionuclides in Islamabad's industrial area: A comprehensive analysis of soil and water pollution, source apportionment and health effects using statistical and geospatial tools

IntroductionHeavy metal pollution in industrial areas around the world is a significant problem that is worsening day by day. Heavy and toxic metals are detrimental to human health and ecology in a region. Hence, determining their level and potential is critical to form effective pollution control strategies for reducing the risks associated with them. Study areaIslamabad is the capital city of Pakistan with a dedicated industrial zone. PurposeThis study evaluated the heavy metal pollution levels in the soil and water of Islamabad's industrial area and radionuclides activity in the soil using statistical, geospatial tools as well as their subsequent health and ecological hazards. Materials and methodsElemental analysis in this study was performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The radionuclides activity in the soil was quantified using High Purity Germanium Detector (HPGe). ResultsThe soil of Islamabad's industrial area is highly polluted with heavy and toxic metals. The risk posed by heavy metals to the eco-system was calculated using Ecological risk factor and was found to be above recommended level. Principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson's correlation and inverse distance weighting interpolation (IDW) revealed that the soil near the steel mills, landfill and marble processing plants is extremely polluted with heavy metals. Health hazards from heavy metal exposure through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact were also calculated. Cr posed a carcinogenic risk to children via the three exposure pathways with the value being 4 × 10−4. Natural radioactivity levels for Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 were found to be 25.96±12.50, 15.84±2.59, 469.48±52.38 Bqkg−1, respectively. Elemental analysis of water samples coupled with geospatial analysis showed that water samples collected near the industrial complexes have elevated levels of Sb. The water quality for irrigation was assessed and the water from Islamabad's industrial area was found to be suitable for irrigation. ConclusionIn conclusion, the soil of Islamabad's industrial area is highly polluted with heavy metals and has lower levels of natural radioactivity. The water near the industries also has elevated levels of some heavy metals.

Determinants of local community participation in forest fire management in the northern Iran

Forest fire is one of the environmental events that occur under the influence of human and non-human (such as lightning, volcanoes, etc.) factors. In Iran, forest fires are a recurring problem. Human activities, such as negligence by local communities or travelers, play a major role in their occurrence. Intentional and unintentional fires pose the most significant threats, leading to the destruction of vast forest areas, especially in northern Iran, in recent years. In this regard, the participation of local communities in the management of such occurrences is essential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants of local community participation in forest fire management (CPFFM) in Northern Iran, focusing on Nowshahr township. The research includes seven independent variables: quality of extension services (QES), awareness of rules and regulations (ARR), social norm (SN), place attachment (PA), environmental belief (EB), pro-environmentalist attitude (PEA) and social capital (SC) and their impact on CPFFM was measured. This research is a type of descriptive-correlational and causal-relational research that was conducted with a survey. The statistical population included local communities living on the edge of the forest in Nowshahr township (N = 78,786), of which 350 people were selected as a sample using stratified random sampling with proportional assignment. The research instrument was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by subject experts and the reliability of its items was achieved with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.711 ≤ α ≤ 0.921). The results of causal analysis indicated that QES (β = 0.522), SN (β = 0.156) and ARR (β = 0.305) have the highest direct effect on CPFFM, respectively. Also, EB had the greatest non-causal effect (0.083) on CPFFM. This research, by emphasizing the variables of human ecology from the point of view of environmental psychology in the conceptualization of some key variables affecting CPFFM, can be useful for decision makers and planners of forest fire management.

Foundations and Implications of the Integral Ecology and Sustainable Development Goals in Catholic University Education

The Agenda provided by the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) represent an opportunity to eradicate poverty, preserve the planet, promote peace, and develop a more prosperous society. This global horizon is reinforced by the religious proposal of the Encyclical “Laudato si”, in which Pope Francis reflects on the anthropological, social, and spiritual repercussions of the interaction of human beings with their environmental reality. With the term integral ecology, the Catholic leader proposes processes to put an end of poverty, exclusion, and environmental degradation. This research aims to explore the cornerstones and application of the SDGs and integral ecology in the framework of the Catholic university. The study brings Agenda 2030 into dialogue with the Christian ethical perspective of human development and integral ecology by showing their complementarity. It develops the inclusion of the SDGs and integral ecology objectives in the mission and strategic plan of the Catholic university. For this reason, an action plan is projected in which the values of sustainability are transversally structured in the diverse areas of the university, such as governance, teaching, research, transfer of knowledge and social impact, extracurricular activity, green procurement, infrastructure, energy, waste, water, and mobility.

To Access the Knowledge of Community Science: A Fresh Perspective on B.Sc. Community Science Grade

Community Science formerly Known as Home Science is a profession and area of study that deals with the management and economics of the home and community. It is also referred to as family and consumer sciences, human ecology, and home economics. The present study was conducted during 2022-23 to measure the knowledge level of the B.Sc. Community Science graduates. To construct and standardize Knowledge scale the researcher outlined a scale and after that analyzing the content framed 600 items related to the course. After seeking the opinion of the experts some of the items were reframed. Finally, 450 items were considered to form initial stage for developing a standardized knowledge test. These items were subjected to item analysis. After which, a total 300 items were remained for the final study. The selected items sent to 15 State or central Agricultural Universities, 150 M.Sc. Community Science Students as respondents through Online google forms for the data collection. The result of the study revealed that there are 14% of the respondents had low level of Knowledge, majority of the respondents, 74% fall into the medium level of knowledge and 12% of the respondents had demonstrate a higher level of knowledge.

In the Garden of Anthropos

The term ‘planetary garden’ was coined by Gilles Clement to refer to the privileged site of the planetary mixing of species that is managed by humans. In the face of the ongoing environmental collapse, we envision the garden as a new locus for symbiotic attachment and original exchange between human and non-human ecologies. Drawing on the garden metaphor, we discuss the conceptual and ecological impacts of human stewardship of the environment. Recognising ecosystems as changing fields of social and technical interactions, we evaluate how conservation strategies shift in tandem with these changes. We explore the influence of emerging technologies on human understanding of natural ecosystems and on societal approaches to conservation. Envisioning the future, we are mapping out the need for human-centric technologies to foster new forms of agency between humans and their environments. While any technological promise does not come without ethical and technical challenges, we advocate for ecological intelligence (EI), a spatialised human-AI collaboration scheme, as a critical condition for reimagining and upscaling conservation practices in the Anthropocene.

Instrumental Role of the Technical Assistance Program on Human Settlements Planning (TAP-HSP) in Local Development Planning in the Philippines

Local development planning remains a challenge for municipalities and cities in the Philippines due to the lack of personnel with technical planning capacities and poor database management systems amplified by the recent devolution policy and the COVID-19 pandemic. The need to address these gaps has given birth to the Technical Assistance Program on Human Settlements Planning (TAP-HSP) as a public service and extension program of the College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños. TAP-HSP provides capacity building and technical assistance to various planning institutions in the country and aims to make cities and communities safe, resilient, inclusive and sustainable. This paper explores the history, milestones, components and modalities of TAP-HSP, emphasizing its instrumental role in local development planning in the country. TAP-HSP offers different modalities and planning arrangements through its three components: Capacity Development for Planners, Practice of Profession, and Model Community/City for Sustainability and Resilience. Over the years, the demand for TAP-HSP services has remarkably grown that it has played instrumental roles in empowering local planners, molding future planners, bridging planning theories to practice, championing evidence-based, participatory, and inclusive planning, being a key partner for local development, and advocating for liveable cities and communities in local development planning. TAP-HSP’s relevance shall continue progressing with its sustained excellent program ratings and growing network of LGU partners, positioning it as a key player in local and national development and a promoter of inclusive and sustainable communities.

We the hunted

Classic depictions of human evolutionary ecology cast Homo as predator and other hominins, including Paranthropus robustus, as prey. Such hypotheses rest on a small number of fossils that exhibit evidence of carnivore predation, including the iconic SK 54 cranium from Swartkrans in South Africa. Here we demonstrate that the SK 54 cranium shares its closest affinities with H. erectus sensu lato rather than P. robustus. Demonstrating that Homo was prey for leopards at Swartkrans weakens the historically significant hypothesis that Homo was better able to avoid predation because of being behaviourally and technologically advanced compared to Paranthropus. Subsequent ideas about hominin palaeobiology derived from this hypothesis warrant reconsideration.

Forest As a Living Space: Rulership and Management in the Tenganan Pegringsingan Customary Forest, Karangasem Regency, Bali

Humans control their cultural environment, which is associated with biotic and abiotic environments, resulting in environmental sustainability. The indigenous community's existence in managing environmental resources must be examined more deeply from the perspective of human ecology. Therefore, this research aimed to examine and analyze the management of resources and environment, mainly the customary forest in the Tenganan Pegringsingan indigenous community. This research employed a participatory observation and spatial ethnography paradigm to understand the pattern of the Tenganan Pegringsingan customary forest management based on customary law (awig-awig), legal delegation (The Customary Forest Decree), and the access of stakeholders to the customary forest. The customary forest governance involved krama desa, the land inheritance rights owners of the Tenganan Pegringsingan indigenous community, and Penyakap, immigrants/krama sesambahan tillers in the customary forest. These three stakeholders had different spatial access to the customary forest as a place and a space.

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia by Pd/In modified Nickel foam electrode in aqueous solution

Nitrate pollution in surface water and ground water has drawn wide attention, which has brought challenges to human health and natural ecology. Electroreduction of nitrate to NH3 in waste water was a way to turn waste into wealth, which has attracted interest of many researchers. Using Nickel foam as substrate, we prepared Pd/In bimetallic electrode (NF–Pd/In) according to a two-step electrodeposition method. There are many irregularly shaped particles in the size range of 10 nm–100 nm accumulated on the surface of prepared NF–Pd/In electrode, which could supply high specific area and more active sites for nitrate electroreduction. FESEM-EDS, XRD and XPS analysis confirmed the uniform distribution of Pd and In on the surface of prepared NF–Pd/In electrode, with a mass ratio of 4.5/1. Above 96% of 100 mg/L NO3−-N was removed and 95% of NH3 selectivity was reached after 5 h of reaction under −1.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl sat. KCl when using 0.05 mol/L of Na2SO4 as electrolyte. High concentration of NaCl (0.05 mol/L) in the test solution dramatically decreased the NH3 selectivity because the produced NH3 could be further oxidized to N2 by the formed HClO from Cl−. EIS tests indicated that the prepared NF–Pd/In electrode showed much lower electrode resistance than NF due to the adsorptive property and electrocatalytic ability for nitrate removal. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the presence of In could promote the conversion of NO3− to *NO3 during the process of nitrate electroreduction to NH3. Circulating tests demonstrated the stability of prepared NF–Pd/In electrode.

Critical Analysis of the Concept of “Human Adaptations” to Discuss Its Adequacy with Socio-cultural Dynamics in Light with Ethnographic Observations and Archaeological Evidence

The idea of defending the thesis of the ruin of purposes comes from an observation. It is that of recurrence to adaptation to infer cultural dynamics. The idea of “human adaptations” often serves as an alibi to explain the entire activity of human organizations. Thus, the formation of social institutions, the material equipment of human groups and their transformations are generally thought of as finalized processes. The object of this contribution then lies in the finalist character of the functionalist conception of the group. The problem therefore consists of establishing proof of the latent conflictuality in the notions of function and adaptation inseparable from the group. This is to operationalize, in the demonstration of the ruin of finalities, the conflictual character congenital to each of the two concepts. All operate paradoxically thanks to the uninterrupted cohesion of the group, however questionable. Conceptual tools such as dysfunction, perverse effect, due to functionalism, will serve as a theoretical foundation for this work. They are reinforced with theoretical references acquired from the idea of the contradiction of the social as well as concepts borrowed from human ecology. These tools will help highlight contradictions between intentional ends and their necessary conditions. The existence of such resistance would therefore be sufficient to explain the ruin of the purposes to which the idea of “human adaptations” subscribes. An analysis of ethnographic observations in northern Pakistan and southern Cameroon, compared with the results of archaeological excavations in the Near East and forested Central Africa, allows us to discuss the accomplishment of the purposes assumed in the explanation. functionalist of cultural dynamics.

Unravelling human migrations: DISPERSALS Project sheds light on early Homo sapiens' journey

Unravelling human migrations: DISPERSALS Project sheds light on early Homo sapiens' journey DISPERSALS will compare the human occupation and ecology between central Mozambique and eastern and southern Africa using a multi-scale approach based on the study of regional diachronic cultural traits. It will reconstruct regional population patterns, followed by comparative quantitative population genetics combined with GIS computational network analyses. The results will then be integrated through agent-based modelling, based on the incremental creation, elimination, or reorientation of network links to simulate a quantitative framework to study the evolution of population dispersal across southern-eastern Africa. The project will be crucial in providing groundbreaking high-resolution archaeological, chronological and paleoenvironmental data. DISPERSALS will deliver a fundamental perspective on the key processes that triggered migrations and dispersals within Africa and out of Africa, ultimately resulting in the human diaspora over the entire planet.

Interdependency of Culture and Nature in Tamba Kaiten: An Eco-Critical Study

Tamba Kaiten is a set of documentation on different folk traditions of the Tamang community which includes various ecological aspects, from folklore to rituals. Human activities which include diverse traditions and customs are associated with the natural world, especially indigenous ones. Being one of the most prominent yet disadvantaged ethnicities in Nepal, Santabir Lama (Pakhrin) has attempted to document the vanishing rites and traditions of the community despite being an Indian citizen but a Tamang nation by identity. The theoretical framework of eco-criticism plays an important role in establishing the relationship and interaction between human culture and ecology in different literature. Thus, Tamba Kaiten, which is an important set of songs by Tamba, the ethnic hero of the Tamang community who preserves history via songs, is better studied from an eco-critic perspective. Songs are the major medium of communication and preservation of culture along with entertainment functions. Tamba preserves and interprets the different phenomena on this Earth and the nature and interactions of Tamang and other communities or vice-versa with the means of songs. Therefore, songs have the potential to stand as literature in the folk domain. The story of the origin of the Earth and the Tamang community and its rites and rituals has an interdependent relationship with nature. Human activities are based on the natural world and their interactions with different agencies there; without human culture, nature wouldn't have any meaning at all. Thus, it creates a need to study an ethnic folk tradition and literature to observe human culture's interdependency on the environment.

Highly Effective Fe-Doped Nano Titanium Oxide for Removal of Acetamiprid and Atrazine under Simulated Sunlight Irradiation

Pesticides are widely detected in large quantities in the environment, posing an ecological threat to the human body and ecology. Semiconductor nanomaterials such as nano-titania (nTiO2) have strong photocatalytic degradation efficiency for pollutants. However, the wide bandgap and limited light absorption range inhibit nano-titania’s practical application. Therefore, nTiO2 was modified by Fe3+ doping using the microwave hydrothermal method to improve its photocatalytic performance in this study. Fe-nTiO2 doped with a 1.0% mass ratio was used due to its high photocatalytic performance. Its maximum degradation efficiencies for ACE and ATZ under a 20 W xenon lamp were 88% and 88.5%, respectively. It was found that Fe3+ doping modification distorted the spatial morphology of nTiO2 and shortened the bandgap to facilitate the photocatalytic reaction. The electron paramagnetic resonance results showed that the reactive radicals (1O2, ·OH) produced by photogenerated electrons (e−) and holes (h+) of Fe-nTiO2 were the main active species in the degradation of ACE and ATZ. Additionally, the application of Fe-nTiO2 significantly enhanced the growth of lettuce under sunlight; the degradation efficiencies of ACE and ATZ in lettuce were 98.5% and 100%, respectively. This work provides new insights into the removal of organic contaminants by photocatalysts under sunlight in agriculture.

Food practices as informing religious identity and connections in Oguta, Southeastern Nigeria

ABSTRACT There is an increasing awareness of African Traditional Religion and cultures in terms of identification, preservation, documentation and celebration mostly in the areas of festivals, masquerades, cultic groups, spirituality and architecture. However, one area that has not been explored is food practice. This daily human experience, which has aura of sacredness and moral values, is a significant part of African traditional religion. This study explores food practices in Oguta, Southeastern Nigeria with aid of ethnographic methods of observation and interview. The study finds that food practices in Oguta encapsulates the people’s identity, religion, morality, and social connections and that if conscientiously done could add value to the recent consciousness. The findings provide new insights on food practices that can improve on human ecology in our 21st century world.

Gerakan Sosial Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup Perspektif Struktural Fungsional (Kontribusi Benua Lestari Indonesia di Kota Tanggerang)

Basically, the relationship between nature and humans is an interdependent relationship with each other. A balanced relationship between nature and humans can form a good system. However, the fact is that environmental problems occur in various regions in Indonesia. People's habit of exploiting ingrained nature makes nature and the environment worse. The main idea in this study is the realization of the balance of the relationship between humans and nature through the formation of a social movement for environmental conservation. This study aims to review the existence of social movements and contributions in building environmental conservation and improving sustainable ecosystems. This research uses the knife analysis of sociological of human ecology, namely a functional structural perspective. This research uses a literature method that contains theories related to the problem under study and literature studies from various studies. The sources of data used in this study are scientific articles and previous research. The results showed that the social movement for environmental conservation carried out by the Sustainable Continent of Indonesia together with the people of Tanggerang City through concrete actions to care for the environment is a manifestation of the balance of the system between humans and nature as meant by a functional structural perspective. Ecosystem care actions are carried out in an effort to preserve the environment and pay attention to environmental sustainability for common life. The social movement of environmental conservation carried out in Tanggerang City can be an example of good implementation of nature for all Indonesian people.